Cultivation | Farming Techniques | Soil Type | Temperature | Watering | Fertilization | Mulching | Nitrogen Fixing
Species: Aquilaria malaccensis
Common Name: Agarwood, Bari
Family: Thymelaeaceae
Type: Tropical evergreen tree
Use: Perfumery resin, essential oil, luxury wood
1. Site Selection
| Factor | Ideal Condition |
|---|
| Climate | Tropical, humid (rainfall: 1,500–3,500 mm/year) |
| Temperature | 20–35°C |
| Altitude | Sea level up to 800 meters |
| Soil | Well-drained, loamy or sandy loam, pH 5.5–6.5 |
| Sunlight | Full sun to partial shade |
| Topography | Gentle slopes preferred; avoid waterlogging |
2. Land Preparation
- Clear area of weeds and debris.
- Plow and harrow soil 2–3 times for aeration.
- Mark spacing for planting based on design.
3. Spacing
| System | Recommended Spacing |
|---|
| Monoculture | 3 x 3 meters (1,111 trees/ha) |
| Agroforestry | 4 x 4 to 5 x 5 meters with intercrops (banana, legumes, etc.) |
4. Planting Materials
- Use seedlings from 12–16 months old nursery stock.
- Height: 40–60 cm with healthy roots and straight stems.
5. Planting Procedure
- Dig holes: 40 x 40 x 40 cm.
- Mix topsoil with compost or aged manure.
- Plant seedling at same depth as in nursery bag.
- Water immediately and mulch around the base.
6. Watering & Irrigation
- Daily for 1–2 weeks after transplanting.
- During dry season: 1–2x/week if no rain.
- Avoid overwatering—trees hate soggy roots.
7. Maintenance Practices
| Practice | Frequency & Notes |
|---|
| Weeding | Every 1–2 months in first 2 years |
| Mulching | Retains moisture, suppresses weeds |
| Pruning | Remove lower branches for airflow and form |
| Fertilization | Organic compost or balanced NPK every 4–6 months in first 3 years |
