Chemical Induction | SaltShock™ | SaltShock™ Formulation | SaltShock™ Development | SaltShock™ Profile
Resin Development Timeline for Sodium Chloride (NaCl) inoculation in Aquilaria malaccensis trees. NaCl acts as a moderate abiotic stress inducer, primarily triggering osmotic and ionic stress that can lead to resin production, especially when used in controlled concentrations or with synergistic agents.
Resin Development Timeline – NaCl Inoculant
Day 0: Inoculation
- NaCl solution (typically 3–5% w/v) is injected into tree trunk boreholes.
- Causes osmotic shock and ionic imbalance in localized xylem tissue.
- Immediate stress response begins—ion toxicity and water loss at cellular level.
Week 1–2: Acute Cellular Stress
- Tissue around the borehole shows early signs of browning.
- Mild to moderate necrosis sets in as cells begin to die.
- Defense responses initiated: ROS generation, phenolic biosynthesis.
- If co-inoculated with microbial agents (e.g., Fusarium), colonization may begin here.
Week 3–4: Early Resin Synthesis
- Tree activates production of antioxidants and secondary metabolites.
- Phenolic resin compounds accumulate around stress sites.
- Cross-section reveals light brown discoloration and faint aroma.
- With co-inoculants, synergistic resin response may be more visible.
Month 2–3: Resin Maturation Phase I
- Tissue shows darker resin zones 3–8 cm around injection sites.
- Developing resin begins to solidify and darken—woody or herbal aroma may develop.
- If NaCl is over-concentrated, excessive necrosis or reduced yield may result.
Month 4–6: Resin Expansion Phase
- Resin zone expands vertically and horizontally.
- Aroma becomes stronger—mildly sweet to spicy scent.
- Tissue darkens to deep brown, approaching commercial-grade agarwood.
- In co-inoculated setups, microbial metabolites enhance depth and complexity.
Month 9–12+: Peak Resin Maturity
- Fully developed blackish agarwood pockets may form in well-responding trees.
- Volatile organic compounds (e.g., jinkohol, agarospirol) increase.
- Tree core becomes heavier and aromatic.
- Time is optimal for sampling, grading, or harvesting.
Summary Table
| Time Frame | Key Events | Tissue Appearance |
|---|---|---|
| Day 0 | NaCl injection, osmotic/ionic stress begins | No change |
| Week 1–2 | Early necrosis, defense signaling | Light yellow-brown halo |
| Week 3–4 | Resin synthesis initiation | Light resin, faint scent |
| Month 2–3 | Resin matures and darkens | Brownish streaks |
| Month 4–6 | Resin expands, aroma intensifies | Dark brown aromatic wood |
| Month 9–12+ | High-grade resin may form | Black resin pockets, sweet scent |
Notes on NaCl Inoculant Use
- Concentration Sensitivity: NaCl can cause toxicity if >5% w/v is used.
- Stress Type: Moderate osmotic and ionic stress.
- Synergistic Potential: Can be paired with microbial inoculants or organic inducers (e.g., brown sugar) to enhance efficacy.
- Application Tip: Use in low to moderate concentrations on mature trees to avoid over-stressing.