Canarium luzonicum (commonly known as Pili Tree or Manila Elemi) is native to the Philippines, making it an excellent choice for plantation farming in the country. It is already commercially cultivated in Bicol, Eastern Visayas, and some parts of Mindanao.
Why the Philippines is Suitable for Canarium luzonicum Plantation?
- Native Species – It naturally grows in Philippine forests, making it well-adapted to the local climate and soil.
- Climate Compatibility – Thrives in warm, tropical conditions (25–35°C) with high humidity.
- Economic Value –
- Resin Production (Manila Elemi) – Highly valued in the perfume, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries.
- Edible Nuts (Pili Nut) – Used in local delicacies and has export potential.
- Timber – Wood is used for furniture and construction.
- Existing Market Demand – Both the nuts and resin are highly valuable commodities, with local and international demand.
Challenges & Solutions:
| Challenge | Solution |
|---|---|
| Long Growth Period (5–10 years for nuts, 10+ years for resin) | Requires long-term investment, but trees are productive for decades. |
| High Rainfall Sensitivity (Flood-prone areas can cause root rot) | Choose well-drained soil and plant on slopes or elevated areas. |
| Slow & Difficult Germination | Use grafted or vegetative-propagated seedlings for faster growth. |
| Pest & Disease Issues (borers, fungal infections) | Regular monitoring, proper spacing, and organic pest control. |
Best Growing Conditions for Canarium luzonicum:
- Temperature: 25–35°C
- Rainfall: 1,500–3,500 mm/year (requires good drainage)
- Soil: Deep, well-drained loamy or sandy soil, pH 5.5–6.5
- Elevation: 0–600 meters above sea level
- Spacing:
- Nuts & Resin: 6m x 6m (for agroforestry or mixed cropping)
- Timber Production: 8m x 8m
In a nutshell:
A Canarium luzonicum plantation is highly feasible in the Philippines, especially in Bicol, Eastern Visayas, and Mindanao, where it naturally thrives. With proper management, it can be a profitable agribusiness, producing nuts, resin, and timber for local and export markets.