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Know your garden insects…

1. Aphids: Small sap-sucking insects that can cause damage by feeding on plant juices.

2. Armyworms: Caterpillars that consume large amounts of foliage, often in army-like groups.

3. Asparagus Beetle: Insects that target asparagus plants, causing damage to foliage and spears.

4. Cabbage Looper: Caterpillars that chew large holes in leaves, particularly on cabbage and related plants.

5. Cabbage Worms: Green caterpillars that feed on cabbage leaves and other cruciferous plants.

6. Corn Earworm: Caterpillars that attack the tips of corn ears, as well as fruits and vegetables.

7. Cucumber Beetle: Pests that feed on cucumbers and other cucurbits, transmitting diseases like bacterial wilt.

8. Cutworms: Caterpillars that cut down young plants at the base, often overnight.

9. Earwig: Insects that feed on a variety of plant leaves, flowers, and fruits.

10. European Corn Borer: Moth larvae that bore into corn stalks, causing significant damage.

11. Flea Beetle: Small beetles that jump like fleas and chew small holes in leaves.

12. Grasshopper: Large insects that consume a wide variety of plants, sometimes causing severe damage.

13. Leafhopper: Insects that suck sap from plants, potentially spreading plant diseases.

14. Leafminer: Larvae that tunnel into leaves, creating visible trails or blotches.

15. Mexican Bean Beetle: Pests that feed on bean plants, skeletonizing the leaves.

16. Potato Beetle: Insects that mainly target potato plants, causing extensive foliage damage.

17. Psyllid: Small sap-sucking insects that can stunt plant growth and spread diseases.

18. Root Maggots: Larvae that feed on the roots of plants, causing wilting and plant death.

19. Slug & Snail: Mollusks that feed on plant leaves and stems, leaving behind a slime trail.

20. Sowbug & Pillbug: Crustaceans that feed on decaying plant material and sometimes seedlings.

21. Spider Mites: Tiny arachnids that suck plant juices, often causing stippling on leaves.

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Onion Peel: Its Benefits as fertilizer

Onion peels are often discarded as kitchen waste, but did you know they can be transformed into a nutrient-rich, natural fertilizer? Utilizing onion peels to create fertilizer not only nourishes your plants but also promotes sustainable gardening by reducing waste. This easy and cost-effective method can be used to boost the growth and health of your plants. In this guide, we’ll explore how to make onion peel fertilizer, its application, and the incredible benefits it can offer for your garden.

Materials Needed:
Onion peels (red or yellow onions), Water, A container or jar

Steps:

  • Collect Onion Peels: Begin by saving the peels from onions you use in cooking. Make sure to keep them dry to avoid mold.
  • Prepare the Infusion: Place the onion peels in a container or jar, filling it halfway. Pour enough water to cover the peels entirely.
  • Soak the Peels: Let the onion peels soak for 24-48 hours, allowing nutrients to leach into the water.
  • Strain the Mixture: After soaking, strain out the onion peels and keep the nutrient-infused water, which is now your fertilizer.
  • Optional Fermentation: For enhanced benefits, let the mixture ferment for up to a week, stirring occasionally. Fermentation introduces beneficial microbes that can improve soil health.

Dilution:
Before applying, dilute the onion peel fertilizer by mixing one part of the onion peel solution with 10 parts water. This prevents over-concentration, which could stress or damage your plants.

Application Methods:
Watering Plants: Pour the diluted onion peel solution at the base of your plants, both indoors and outdoors, to improve their nutrient intake.
Foliar Spray: Use a spray bottle to mist the solution onto the leaves for faster nutrient absorption. This is particularly helpful for plants showing nutrient deficiencies.
Soil Enrichment: Use the onion peel water as a soil drench for garden beds or potted plants to improve soil structure and provide essential nutrients.

Benefits of Onion Peel Fertilizer

Rich in Potassium
Onion peels are a great source of potassium, which is essential for plant health. Potassium helps plants resist diseases, endure environmental stress, and promote overall vitality. Using onion peel fertilizer will result in stronger, more resilient plants.

Contains Phosphorus
Phosphorus is vital for healthy root development and blooming. By using onion peel fertilizer, you ensure that your plants, particularly flowers and fruit-bearing plants, have the nutrients they need for robust root systems and abundant flowering.

Natural Immunity Booster
The sulfur compounds in onion peels possess anti-fungal and antibacterial properties. These compounds help enhance plant immunity, protecting them from various pathogens and diseases. This natural boost keeps your garden healthier without the need for chemical treatments.

Supports Plant Growth and Flowering
Onion peel fertilizer provides an overall boost to plant growth and flowering. Whether you’re growing vegetables like tomatoes or ornamental flowers, the nutrients in onion peel fertilizer will enhance foliage growth and encourage lush, vibrant blooms.

Eco-Friendly and Economical
Using onion peels as fertilizer is a perfect way to reduce waste while cutting down on chemical fertilizers. It’s a budget-friendly, sustainable option that turns kitchen scraps into garden gold, promoting a healthier environment.

Improves Soil Health
Incorporating onion peel fertilizer as a soil amendment improves soil texture and boosts microbial activity. Healthy soil supports long-term plant growth, making this natural fertilizer a key component in sustainable gardening.

Tips for Best Results
Frequency: Use onion peel fertilizer every 2-3 weeks, depending on your plants’ needs. Avoid over-fertilizing, which could lead to nutrient imbalances.
Combine with Other Fertilizers: Alternate onion peel fertilizer with other organic fertilizers like banana peel or compost tea to provide a broader range of nutrients.
Storage: Store any leftover onion peel fertilizer in a sealed container in a cool, dark place. It will remain effective for about two weeks.

Onion peel fertilizer is a simple, eco-friendly, and highly effective solution for nourishing your plants. With high potassium and phosphorus content, along with sulfur compounds that boost immunity, onion peels can play a vital role in keeping your garden healthy and thriving. By turning your kitchen waste into a valuable resource, you can promote sustainability while growing stronger, more resilient plants.

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What does nitrogen do for a tree?

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for the production of amino acids, proteins, nucleic acids, etc., and trees require an adequate annual supply for proper growth and productivity. Nitrogen is primarily absorbed through fine roots as either ammonium or nitrate.

Nitrogen is an element responsible for lush green plant growth, but most plants aren’t able to use the nitrogen gas in Earth’s atmosphere. Non-organic farmers and gardeners use chemical nitrogen fertilizer to keep crops thriving, but this synthetic fertilizer can pose a threat to the environment. It pollutes our waterways, threatening our drinking water supply, fish and other wildlife. Biological nitrogen fixation through plants helps crops flourish without introducing pollutants to the environment.

Nitrogen-fixing plants are those whose roots are colonized by certain bacteria that extract nitrogen from the air and convert or “fix” it into a form required for their growth. The symbiotic bacteria, called Rhizobia, form nodules in the root systems, producing nitrogen compounds that help the plant to grow.

Environmental Protection: Reduces the need for chemical fertilizers, which can harm ecosystems and water supplies.

Soil Enrichment: Nitrogen-fixing plants increase soil fertility through a symbiotic relationship with bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form. This added nitrogen also enhances the growth of neighboring plants and improves overall soil health.

Sustainable Agriculture: Promotes eco-friendly farming practices that maintain soil health and productivity over time.

Intercrop the following Nitrogen Fixing Trees before even starting your Tree Plantation.

  • Akleng parang (Albizia procera)
  • Akle (Albizia acle)
  • Banuyo (Wallaceodendron celebicum)
  • Ipil (Intsia bijuga) not the invasive ipil-ipil
  • Anabiong (Trema orientalis)
  • Ahern’s balok (Millettia ahernii)
  • Alibangbang [souring agent] (Piliostigma malabaricum)
  • Narra (Pterocarpus indicus)
  • Upang (Parkia speciosa)
  • Kupang (Parkia javanica)
  • Kariskis (Albizia lebbekoides)
  • Rarang (Erythrina subumbrans)
  • Siar (Peltophorum pterocarpum)
  • Tindalo (Afzelia rhomboidea)
  • Smaller native N2-fixing plants:
  • Tinatinaan/Balabalatong (Indigofera zollingeriana)
  • Malabalatong (Flemingia macrophylla)
  • Alibangbang puti/Bambang (Bauhinia acuminata) “dwarf white orchid”
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Baking Soda as Fungicide

Baking soda fungicide ingredients:
1 tsp baking soda
1 tsp cooking oil
1 tsp dish liquid
1 liter water

Mix well then spray to your plants Late in the afternoon to prevent sun burn
How often can you spray plants with baking soda? Mix them together and spray on your plant’s leaves twice a month as a preventative measure; or spray on the leaves every three days to treat an existing fungal problem.

When should fungicide be applied? Fungicides work best as protectants. This means it is best to apply fungicides before a plant is exposed to a pathogen. After a plant has become diseased by an infecting pathogen, applying the correct type of fungicide may stop the spread of the disease or even put it into remission, but the plant will stay diseased.

How long does fungicide need to be on before rain? Apply contact products 24 hours before a rain if possible. As the information above suggests, an application of a protectant even 8 hours before a rain may be effective.

What is the interval for fungicide? Most protectant fungicides are good for about seven to 14 days of protection, and systemic fungicides for seven to 21 days depending on the product, the rate applied, weather conditions, and disease pressure.

How many times should I spray baking soda on my plants? Apply the spray one time each week on a cloudy or overcast day to avoid plant burning. Spot-treat a few leaves as a test before widespread use. Another preventative option is a spray made with four teaspoons of baking soda in one gallon of water. Apply regularly to prevent disease onset.