Endemic Species | Indigenous Species | Exotic Species | Best Species for Agarwood Production
The Aquilaria genus, which includes highly valuable agarwood-producing trees, has several native species found in the Philippines. As per DENR Circular DAO 2017-11, the following four (4) native indigenous species are recognized in the country:
Native Indigenous Aquilaria Species in the Philippines
- Aquilaria brachyantha – Locally known as Binukat
- Aquilaria cumingiana – Locally known as Butlo
- Aquilaria filaria – Locally known as Lapisan (Lapnisan)
- Aquilaria malaccensis – Locally known as Bari
Among these, A. malaccensis (Bari) is classified as Endangered, while the other three species are under the Vulnerable category, indicating the need for conservation and sustainable cultivation efforts.
Global Distribution & Conservation Status
- Aquilaria malaccensis has been recorded in 10 countries, including Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.
- CITES Regulations: The species is protected under Appendix II of CITES, regulating international trade to prevent overexploitation.
- Threats: Illegal harvesting, habitat destruction, and the high demand for agarwood have led to its endangered status.
Importance of Conservation & Sustainable Farming
- Promoting reforestation and agroforestry projects with Aquilaria species can support both environmental sustainability and economic development.
- Certified nurseries & responsible plantations ensure genetic diversity and protect wild populations.
- DNA sequencing & controlled inoculation techniques help increase resin production without harming natural ecosystems.